Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram

By Agalya and Atchaya

What is the Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram?

Mahabalipuram or Mamallapuram is a popular historic monument group located near Chennai, India.

It was a thriving coastal town during the Pallava dynasty. The Pallavas, who loved art and architecture built a group of monuments at Mahabalipuram between the 6th and 9th centuries, long before the invention of modern tools and equipment. Most of the monuments are preserved even today.

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The site features an incredible collection of rock-cut cave temples, monolithic temples carved from single stones, and intricate bas-relief sculptures.

Why is Mahabalipuram a UNESCO World Heritage site?

The Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1984 due to the remarkable artworks of the Pallava dynasty. Its style of sculptures had an important influence in places like Cambodia and Java. One bas-relief in particular, called “Descent of the Ganges” is, according to UNESCO, a “unique artistic achievement,” much like those at Elephanta Island, also a UNESCO site.

UNESCO says the Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram occupies a distinct position in classical Indian architecture. It is a “testimony to the Pallavas civilization of southeast India” and “one of the major centres of the cult of Siva.”

What can you expect on a visit to Mahabalipuram?

Watch the sunrise by the Mahabalipuram Beach and visit the beautiful Mahabalipuram Shore Temple, dedicated to lord Shiva and Vishnu. The temple tower of the shore temple is of Dravidian style.

The Five Rathas or Five Chariots is a collection of five monolithic rock-cut temples, each dedicated to the five Pandava brothers from the Hindu epic Mahabharata. Lions, the symbol of the Pallavas, feature prominently around the site.

Go to the top of Mahabalipuram Lighthouse for a panoramic view of the town and the Bay of Bengal coastline. Close by, visit the Olakkannesvara Temple, which is perched on a rock hill and offers a great vantage point for sunset.

The school of architecture is a huge complex that comprises many bas-relief sculptures, cave temples, carved monoliths, and more. Of those, do not miss Krishna’s Butterball, a massive granite boulder (250 tonnes and 5 m wide) balanced on a small incline. Then, make your way to Arjuna’s Penance, a large open-air rock relief structure. It is one of the largest bas-reliefs in the world. This detailed sculpture depicts scenes from Hindu mythology and is truly a sight to behold.

Is Mahabalipuram worth visiting? 

Absolutely, Mahabalipuram is worth a visit. The monuments at Mahabalipuram offer a unique glimpse of ancient Indian art and architecture. From rock-cut cave temples to intricately carved bas-reliefs, every corner showcases remarkable craftsmanship and holds a slice of history.

We’ve been to Mahabalipuram three times already, and we wouldn’t think twice about going back again!

We suggest staying in Mahabalipuram for at least a night and exploring over two days. Trying to see everything in just one day can be too tiring, especially in the warm weather. Use the map below to find accommodations in Mahabalipuram:

What sorts of travelers would like Mahabalipuram?

Mahabalipuram is a treat for history, art, and cultural enthusiasts. Many pilgrims also visit Mahabalipuram to see the sculptures of gods and goddesses related to Hindu mythology.

Tips for visiting Mahabalipuram

Mahabalipuram is a popular spot for both locals and tourists, so it tends to get crowded on weekends and holidays. To avoid the rush, we suggest starting your exploration early in the morning when the sites first open. 

Be prepared for a fair amount of walking as you explore the heritage sites, so wearing comfortable shoes is a must, and you won’t need to remove them when entering the monuments. Protect yourself from the tropical sun. Make sure to pack sunscreen, a hat, and sunglasses.

Drones and tripods aren’t allowed inside the temple complex, but you’re free to bring your camera without any additional fees.

Be respectful: don’t climb on, write on, or damage the monuments. These actions are punishable under the law.

Consider hiring a local guide to get a deeper understanding of the history and significance of the monuments. Try this small-group tour or this private tour (which includes pick-up in Chennai and lunch).

If you’re traveling in Tamil Nadu, don’t miss the UNESCO site Great Living Chola Temples as well.

The town of Mahabalipuram is known for its vibrant local culture, including a thriving community of stone sculptors. You can watch artisans at work and shop for unique handmade souvenirs. Apart from the heritage site, Mahabalipuram offers a variety of activities, from surfing to visiting museums. Make sure to explore around and have a great time!

Where is Mahabalipuram?

Mahabalipuram is a coastal town in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located around 60 km (37 mi) away from Chennai, the state capital. The journey from Chennai takes about 1 to 2 hours, depending on traffic. You can easily catch a public bus from CMBT Koyambedu Bus Terminus, Guindy, or Thiruvanmiyur. 

If you hop on a bus traveling to Pondicherry from Chennai, get off at Mahabalipuram ECR and walk about a kilometer to reach the heritage sites. For those driving, there’s a large paid parking area near the Shore Temple and Five Rathas, but keep in mind there’s no free parking nearby.

Compare rental car prices here.

For more information about Mahabalipuram, its opening hours, and admission fees, see this Mahabalipuram website.

Agalya and Atchaya of TwinsOnToes are twin travelers from India. Nature lovers at heart, they often seek out trekking trails and thrilling adventures. Beyond the outdoors, they are deeply fascinated by history, culture, and art and have explored many archaeological sites during their travels. When not traveling, they are busy sharing their experiences and insights on their blog.

Have you been to Mahabalipuram? If so, do you have any additional information or advice about this UNESCO World Heritage site? Please add your comments below!